***Pending***

AMENDMENT No. 1 PROPOSED TO

House Bill NO. 1067

By Senator(s) Committee

Amend by striking all after the enacting clause and inserting in lieu thereof the following:

SECTION 1. Every hospital, health or medical expenses insurance policy, hospital or medical service contract, health maintenance organization and preferred provider organization that is delivered or issued for delivery in this state and otherwise provides anesthesia benefits shall provide benefits for anesthesia and for associated facility charges when the mental or physical condition of the child or mentally handicapped adult requires dental treatment to be rendered under physician-supervised general anesthesia in a hospital setting, surgical center or dental office. The requirements of this section shall be fully applicable to the State Employees Health Insurance Plan, the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan, the State Medicaid Program and the Children's Health Insurance Program. Excluded herefrom are limited benefit or supplemental health insurance policies.

An insurer may require prior authorization for the anesthesia and associated facility charges for dental care procedures in the same manner that prior authorization is required for treatment of other medical conditions under general anesthesia. An insurer may require review for medical necessity and may limit payment of facility charges to certified facilities in the same manner that medical review is required and payment of facility charges is limited for other services. The benefit provided by this coverage shall be subject to the same annual deductibles or coinsurance established for all other covered benefits within a given policy, plan or contract. Private third party payers may not reduce or eliminate coverage due to these requirements.

A dentist shall consider the Indications for General Anesthesia as published in the reference manual of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry as utilization standards for determining whether performing dental procedures necessary to treat the particular condition or conditions of the patient under general anesthesia constitutes appropriate treatment.

The provisions of this section shall apply to anesthesia services provided by oral and maxillofacial surgeons as permitted by the Mississippi State Board of Dental Examiners.

The provisions of this section shall not apply to treatment rendered for temporal mandibular joint (TMJ) disorders.

SECTION 2. Section 83-41-211, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:

83-41-211. Whenever any policy of insurance or any medical service plan or hospital service contract or hospital and medical service contract issued in this state provides for reimbursement for any diagnosis and treatment of mental, nervous or emotional disorders only which are within the lawful scope of practice of a duly licensed psychologist as defined in Section 73-31-3, within the lawful scope of practice of a duly licensed professional counselor as defined in Section 73-30-3, or within the lawful scope of practice of a duly licensed clinical social worker as defined in Section 73-53-3, the insured or other person entitled to benefits under such policy shall be entitled to reimbursement for such services, whether such services are performed by a duly licensed physician or by a duly licensed psychologist, by a duly licensed professional counselor or by a duly licensed clinical social worker, notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in any statute or in such policy, plan or contract. Duly licensed psychologists shall be entitled to participate in such policies, plans or contracts providing for the diagnosis and treatment of mental, nervous or emotional disorders only as authorized by Section 73-31-3. A duly licensed professional counselor shall be entitled to participate in such policies, plans or contracts providing for the diagnosis and treatment of mental, nervous or emotional disorders only as authorized by Section 73-30-3. The requirements of this section relative to mental health counseling services provided by a duly licensed professional counselor shall be fully applicable to the State Employees Health Insurance Plan and the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan. A duly licensed clinical social worker shall be entitled to participate in such policies, plans or contracts providing for the diagnosis and treatment of mental, nervous or emotional disorders only as authorized by Section 73-53-3.

SECTION 3. Section 25-15-9, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:

25-15-9. (1) (a) The department shall design a plan of health insurance for state employees which provides benefits for semiprivate rooms in addition to other incidental coverages which the department deems necessary. The amount of the coverages shall be in such reasonable amount as may be determined by the department to be adequate, after due consideration of current health costs in Mississippi. The plan shall also include major medical benefits in such amounts as the department shall determine. The plan shall provide benefits for anesthesia and associated facility charges for certain dental care procedures as required in Section 1 of House Bill No. 1067, 1999 Regular Session, and benefits for mental health counseling services provided by a duly licensed professional counselor as required in Section 83-41-211. The department is also authorized to accept bids for such alternate coverage and optional benefits as the department shall deem proper. The department may employ or contract for such consulting or actuarial services as may be necessary to formulate the State Employees Health Insurance Plan, and to assist the department in the preparation of specifications and in the process of advertising for the bids for the plan. The department is authorized to promulgate rules and regulations to implement the provisions of this subsection.

The department shall develop plans for the insurance plan authorized by this section in accordance with the provisions of Section 25-15-5.

(b) There is created an advisory council to advise the department in the formulation of the State Employees Health Insurance Plan. The council shall be composed of the State Insurance Commissioner or his designee, an employee-representative of the institutions of higher learning appointed by the board of trustees thereof, an employee-representative of the Department of Transportation appointed by the director thereof, an employee-representative of the State Tax Commission appointed by the Commissioner of Revenue, an employee-representative of the Mississippi Department of Health appointed by the State Health Officer, an employee-representative of the Mississippi Department of Corrections appointed by the Commissioner of Corrections, and an employee-representative of the Department of Human Services appointed by the Executive Director of Human Services.

The Lieutenant Governor may designate the Secretary of the Senate, the Chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee and the Chairman of the Senate Insurance Committee, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives may designate the Clerk of the House, the Chairman of the House Appropriations Committee and the Chairman of the House Insurance Committee, to attend any meeting of the State Employees Insurance Advisory Council. The appointing authorities may designate an alternate member from their respective houses to serve when the regular designee is unable to attend such meetings of the council. Such designees shall have no jurisdiction or vote on any matter within the jurisdiction of the council. For attending meetings of the council, such legislators shall receive per diem and expenses which shall be paid from the contingent expense funds of their respective houses in the same amounts as provided for committee meetings when the Legislature is not in session; however, no per diem and expenses for attending meetings of the council will be paid while the Legislature is in session. No per diem and expenses will be paid except for attending meetings of the council without prior approval of the proper committee in their respective houses.

(c) No change in the terms of the State Employees Health Insurance Plan may be made effective unless the Executive Director of the Department of Finance and Administration or his designee, has provided notice to the State Employees Health Insurance Advisory Council and has called a meeting of the council at least fifteen (15) days before the effective date of such change. In the event that the State Employees Health Insurance Council does not meet to advise the department on the proposed changes, the changes to the plan shall become effective at such time as the department has informed the council that the changes shall become effective.

(d) Medical benefits for retired employees and dependents under age sixty-five (65) years. The same health insurance coverage as for all other active employees and their dependents shall be available to retired employees and all dependents under age sixty-five (65) years, the level of benefits to be the same level as for all other active participants. This section will apply to those employees who retire due to one hundred percent (100%) medical disability as well as those employees electing early retirement.

(e) Medical benefits for retired employees over age sixty-five (65) years. The health insurance coverage available to retired employees over age sixty-five (65) years, and all dependents over age sixty-five (65) years, shall be the major medical coverage with the lifetime maximum of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000.00). Benefits shall be reduced by Medicare benefits as though such Medicare benefits were the base plan.

All covered individuals shall be assumed to have full Medicare coverage, Parts A and B; and any Medicare payments under both Parts A and B shall be computed to reduce benefits payable under this plan.

(2) Nonduplication of benefits--reduction of benefits by Title XIX benefits: When benefits would be payable under more than one (1) group plan, benefits under those plans will be coordinated to the extent that the total benefits under all plans will not exceed the total expenses incurred.

Benefits for hospital or surgical or medical benefits shall be reduced by any similar benefits payable in accordance with Title XIX of the Social Security Act or under any amendments thereto, or any implementing legislation.

Benefits for hospital or surgical or medical benefits shall be reduced by any similar benefits payable by workers' compensation.

(3) Schedule of life insurance benefits--group term: The amount of term life insurance for each active employee shall not be in excess of One Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($150,000.00), or four (4) times the amount of the employee's annual wage to the next highest One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00), whichever may be less, but in no case less than Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000.00), with a like amount for accidental death and dismemberment on a twenty-four-hour basis. The plan will further contain a premium waiver provision if a covered employee becomes totally and permanently disabled prior to age sixty-five (65) years. * * * Employees retiring after June 30, 1999, shall be eligible to continue life insurance coverage in an amount of Ten Thousand Dollars ($10,000.00), Twenty Thousand Dollars ($20,000.00) or Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000.00) into retirement. * * *

(4) Any eligible employee who on March 1, 1971, was participating in a group life insurance program which has provisions different from those included herein and for which the State of Mississippi was paying a part of the premium may, at his discretion, continue to participate in such plan. Such employee shall pay in full all additional costs, if any, above the minimum program established by this article. Under no circumstances shall any individual who begins employment with the state after March 1, 1971, be eligible for the provisions of this paragraph.

(5) Any participant of the State Employees Health Insurance Plan who otherwise would lose coverage and who would be eligible as a dependent under an existing Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan contract may transfer to the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan as a dependent under the existing contract. Any participant of the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan who otherwise would lose coverage and who would be eligible as a dependent under an existing State Employees Health Insurance Plan contract may transfer to the State Employees Health Insurance Plan as a dependent under the existing contract. A transfer pursuant to this subsection must occur within thirty-one (31) days of losing coverage. Credit shall be given for any deductible amount satisfied, out-of-pocket expenses and time served toward the twelve-month pre-existing waiting period.

(6) If both spouses are eligible employees who participate in the plan, the benefits shall apply individually to each spouse by virtue of his or her participation in the plan. If those spouses also have one or more eligible dependents participating in the plan, the cost of their dependents shall be calculated at a special family plan rate. The cost for participation by the dependents shall be paid by the spouse who elects to carry such dependents under his or her coverage. The special family plan rate shall also apply if the state employee's spouse is a covered eligible employee under the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan.

(7) (a) The department may offer medical savings accounts as defined in Section 71-9-3 as a plan option. Provided, however, that prior to offering such accounts as a plan option, the Department of Finance and Administration shall prepare and present to the Senate and House Insurance Committees by December 15, 1996, a comprehensive study of medical savings accounts to include a proposed implementation timetable and potential actuarial effects of such accounts on the existing state employee health plan. The department's study shall also include, but not be limited to, recommended employer contribution levels, recommended employee contribution levels, recommendations on annual rollover of balances or withdrawals for nonmedical purposes, and recommendations on medical coverage for persons who expend their account balances. The department shall use existing staff resources and those of other agencies to conduct this study. In no case shall the department employ a consultant or contractor other than an actuary to conduct this study. No later than July 15, 1996, the Department of Finance and Administration shall meet with the staff of the PEER Committee and the Legislative Budget Office to receive recommendations on the issues and methods which the department shall consider in preparing its report. No later than October 15, 1996, the Department of Finance and Administration shall submit a copy of its draft report to the PEER Committee and the Legislative Budget Office which shall analyze the report and prepare comments for publication in the final report to be submitted to the House and Senate Insurance Committees on December 15, 1996.

(b) In no case shall the department offer medical savings accounts as an option to health plan participants prior to January 1, 1998.

(8) Any premium differentials, differences in coverages, discounts determined by risk or by any other factors shall be uniformly applied to all active employees participating in the insurance plan. It is the intent of the Legislature that the state contribution to the plan be the same for each employee throughout the state.

SECTION 4. Section 25-15-255, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:

25-15-255. (1) (a) The Department of Finance and Administration shall design a plan of health insurance for employees which provides benefits for semiprivate rooms in addition to other incidental coverages which the department deems necessary.

The amount of the coverages shall be in such reasonable amount as may be determined by the department to be adequate, after due consideration of current health costs in Mississippi. The plan shall also include major medical benefits in such amounts as the department shall determine. The plan shall provide benefits for anesthesia and associated facility charges for certain dental care procedures as required in Section 1 of House Bill No. 1067, 1999 Regular Session, and benefits for mental health counseling services provided by a duly licensed professional counselor as required in Section 83-41-211. The department is also authorized to accept bids for alternate coverage and optional benefits. Any contract for alternative coverage and optional benefits shall be awarded by the department after it has carefully studied and evaluated the bids and selected the best and most cost-effective bid. The department may reject all such bids; however, the department shall notify all bidders of the rejection and shall actively solicit new bids if all bids are rejected.

It is the intent of the Legislature that coverage under this plan may be self-insured by the State of Mississippi and the same as coverage provided state employees under the Public Employees Health Insurance Plan created in Section 25-15-3 et seq. The department may contract the administration and service of the self-insured program to a third party; however, before executing any contract, the department shall actively solicit bids for the administration and service of the program.

The department shall conduct the solicitation and contracting process in strict accordance with Section 25-15-301.

Beginning on January 1, 1996, any contract entered into between the department for the administration and/or service of the self-insured plan and a third party shall be for the calendar year that begins on the first day of January and expires on the following thirty-first day of December.

The department may employ or contract for such consulting or actuarial services as may be necessary to formulate the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan, and to assist the department in the preparation of specifications and in the process of advertising for the bids for the plan. Such contracts shall be solicited and entered into in accordance with Section 25-15-5. The department shall keep a record of all persons, agents and corporations who contract with or assist the department in preparing and developing the plan. The department, in a timely manner, shall provide copies of this record to the members of the advisory council created in paragraph (b) of this subsection and those legislators, or their designees, who may attend meetings of the advisory council. The department shall provide copies of this record in the solicitation of bids for the administration and servicing of the self-insured program. Each person, agent or corporation which, during the previous fiscal year, has assisted in the development of the plan or employed or compensated any person who assisted in the development of the plan, and which bids on the administration or servicing of the plan, shall submit to the department a statement accompanying the bid explaining in detail its participation with the development of the plan. This statement shall include the amount of compensation paid by the bidder to any such employee during the previous fiscal year. The department shall make all such information available to the members of the advisory council and those legislators, or their designees, who may attend meetings of the advisory council before any action is taken by the department on the bids submitted. The failure of any bidder to fully and accurately comply with this paragraph shall result in the rejection of any bid submitted by that bidder or the cancellation of any contract executed when the failure is discovered after the acceptance of that bid.

The department is authorized to promulgate rules and regulations to implement the provisions of this subsection. After expiration or termination of the contract between the state and the administering corporation existing immediately before the date on which the plan becomes self-insured by the State of Mississippi, the remainder of funds in the Premium Stabilization Fund shall revert to the Public School Employees Insurance Fund and shall be used exclusively for payment of future premiums.

Any corporation, association, company or individual that contracts with the department for the third-party claims administration of the self-insured plan shall prepare and keep on file an explanation of benefits for each claim processed. The explanation of benefits shall contain such information relative to each processed claim which the department deems necessary, and at a minimum, each explanation shall provide the claimant's name, claim number, provider number, provider name, service dates, type of services, amount of charges, amount allowed to the claimant and reason codes.

The information contained in the explanation of benefits shall be available for inspection upon request by the department. The department shall have access to all claims information utilized in the issuance of payments to employees and providers. Any corporation, association, company or individual that contracts with the department for the administration and/or service of the self-insured plan shall remit one hundred percent (100%) of all savings or discounts resulting from any contract to the department and/or participant. Any corporation, association, company or individual that contracts with the department for the administration and/or service of the self-insured plan shall allow, upon notice by the department, the department or its designee to audit records of the corporation, association, company or individual relative to the corporation, association, company or individual's performance under any contract with the department. The information maintained by any corporation, association, company or individual, relating to such contracts, shall be available for inspection upon request by the department and such information shall be compiled in a manner that will provide a clear audit trail.

(b) There is created an advisory council to the department to advise the department in the formulation of the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan. The advisory council and those legislators, or their designees, authorized to attend meetings of the advisory council pursuant to this subsection shall be informed in a timely manner concerning each aspect of the formulation and development of the plan. No change in the terms of the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan may be made effective unless the Executive Director of the Department of Finance and Administration, or his designee, has provided notice to the Public School Employees Health Insurance Advisory Council and has called a meeting of the council at least fifteen (15) days before the effective date of such change. In the event that the Public School Employees Health Insurance Advisory Council does not meet to advise the department on the proposed changes, the changes to the plan shall become effective at such times as the department has informed the council that the changes shall become effective.

The council shall be composed of the State Insurance Commissioner or his designee, two (2) certificated public school administrators appointed by the State Board of Education, two (2) certificated classroom teachers appointed by the State Board of Education, a noncertificated school employee appointed by the State Board of Education, and a community/junior college employee appointed by the State Board for Community and Junior Colleges. Members of the council shall serve at the will and pleasure of the appointing authorities; however, no member shall serve for a period of less than one (1) year. The members of the council shall serve without compensation, per diem or expense reimbursement.

The Chairman of the Senate Insurance Committee, the Chairman of the Senate Education Committee, the Chairman of the House of Representatives Insurance Committee and the Chairman of the House of Representatives Education Committee, and/or their designees from their respective houses, may attend any meeting of the advisory council. The legislators, or their designees, shall have no jurisdiction or vote on any matter within the jurisdiction of the council. For attending meetings of the council, the legislators shall receive per diem and expenses which shall be paid from the contingent expense funds of their respective houses in the same amounts as provided for committee meetings when the Legislature is not in session; however, no per diem and expenses for attending meetings of the council will be paid while the Legislature is in session. No per diem and expenses will be paid except for attending meetings of the council without prior approval of the proper committee in their respective houses.

(c) Medical benefits for retired employees and dependents under age sixty-five (65) years. The same health insurance coverage as for all other active employees and their dependents shall be available to retired employees and all dependents under age sixty-five (65) years, the level of benefits to be the same level as for all other active participants. This section will apply to those employees who retire due to one hundred percent (100%) medical disability as well as those employees electing early retirement.

(d) Medical benefits for retired employees over age sixty-five (65). The health insurance coverage available to retired employees over age sixty-five (65) years, and all dependents over age sixty-five (65) years, shall be the major medical coverage with the lifetime maximum of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000.00). Benefits shall be reduced by Medicare benefits as though such Medicare benefits were the base plan.

All covered individuals shall be assumed to have full Medicare coverage, Parts A and B; and any Medicare payments under both Parts A and B shall be computed to reduce benefits payable under this plan.

(2) Nonduplication of benefits-reduction of benefits by Title XIX benefits. When benefits would be payable under more than one group plan, benefits under those plans will be coordinated to the extent that the total benefits under all plans will not exceed the total expenses incurred.

Benefits for hospital or surgical or medical benefits shall be reduced by any similar benefits payable in accordance with Title XIX of the Social Security Act or under any amendments thereto, or any implementing legislation.

Benefits for hospital or surgical or medical benefits shall be reduced by any similar benefits payable by workers' compensation.

(3) The department is hereby authorized to determine the manner in which premiums and contributions by the state and local school districts shall be collected to provide the self-insured health insurance program for school employees and community/junior college employees as provided under this article.

(4) Any premium differentials, differences in coverages, discounts determined by risk or by any other factors shall be uniformly applied to all active employees participating in the insurance plan. It is the intent of the Legislature that the state contribution to the plan be the same for each employee throughout the state.

(5) Any participant of the State Employees Health Insurance Plan who otherwise would lose coverage and who would be eligible as a dependent under an existing Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan contract may transfer to the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan as a dependent under the existing contract. Any participant of the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan who otherwise would lose coverage and who would be eligible as a dependent under an existing State Employees Health Insurance Plan contract may transfer to the State Employees Health Insurance Plan as a dependent under the existing contract. A transfer pursuant to this subsection must occur within thirty-one (31) days of losing coverage. Credit shall be given for any deductible amount satisfied, out-of-pocket expenses and time served toward the twelve-month pre-existing waiting period.

(6) The Department of Finance and Administration shall annually report to the Joint Legislative Budget Committee the condition of the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan. Such report shall contain, but not be limited to, a report of the plan's financial condition at the close of the most recent complete calendar year. The report shall also include all recommendations made to the department by consultants regarding the plan and its administration, including a complete departmental response to each recommendation. The department shall also list the history of yearly claims paid and premiums received for each employee subgroup, including, but not limited to, active employees, dependents and retirees and shall also publish the loss ratios for these subgroups. For purposes of this subsection, the term "loss ratios" shall mean claims paid by the plan for each subgroup divided by premiums received by the plan for the insurance coverage of the members in that subgroup. Any plan revisions made during the previous year shall also be listed in the report and fully described in the report. The department shall also provide the Joint Legislative Budget Committee with a monthly statement of plan utilization.

In addition to the information provided for herein, the department shall provide to the Joint Legislative Budget Committee budgetary information on the Public School Employees Health Insurance Plan. All information shall be provided to the Joint Legislative Budget Committee in a format designated by the committee. The information shall be provided in September of each year, and at such times throughout the year as the committee deems necessary. The information shall include, but not be limited to:

(a) A detailed breakdown of all expenditures of the plan, administrative and otherwise, for the most recently completed fiscal year and projected expenditures for the current fiscal year;

(b) A schedule of all contracts, administrative and otherwise, executed for the benefit of the plan during the most recent completed fiscal year, and those executed and anticipated for the current fiscal year;

(c) Anticipated plan expenditures, administrative and otherwise, for the next fiscal year.

The department shall also provide to the Joint Legislative Committee on Performance Evaluation and Expenditure Review (PEER) all information described in paragraph (b) in this subsection. The PEER Committee shall prepare a report by January 1 of each year on all contractors utilized by the department for the health plans, excluding the third-party administrator contract. The committee's report shall address the processes by which the department procured the contractors, the contractors' work products and contract expenditures. The review provided for herein shall be supplemental to the review provided for in Section 25-15-301.

(7) (a) The department may offer medical savings accounts as defined in Section 71-9-3 as a plan option. Provided, however, that prior to offering such accounts as a plan option, the Department of Finance and Administration shall prepare and present to the Legislature by December 15, 1996, a comprehensive study of medical savings accounts to include a proposed implementation timetable and potential actuarial effects of such accounts on the existing public school employees' health plan. The department's study shall also include, but not be limited to, recommended employer contribution levels, recommended employee contribution levels, recommendations on annual rollover of balances or withdrawals for nonmedical purposes, and, recommendations on medical coverage for persons who expend their account balances. The department shall use existing staff resources and those of other agencies to conduct this study. In no case shall the department employ a consultant or contractor other than an actuary to conduct this study. No later than July 15, 1996, the Department of Finance and Administration shall meet with the staff of the PEER Committee and the Legislative Budget Office to receive recommendations on the issues and methods which the department shall consider in preparing its report. No later than October 15, 1996, the Department of Finance and Administration shall submit a copy of its draft report to the PEER Committee and the Legislative Budget Office which shall analyze the report and prepare comments for publication in the final report to be submitted to the House and Senate Insurance Committees on December 15, 1996.

(b) In no case shall the department offer medical savings accounts as an option to health plan participants prior to January 1, 1998.

SECTION 5. Section 41-86-17, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:

41-86-17. The covered benefits under the program shall include all health care benefits and services required to be included as covered benefits under Title XXI of the federal Social Security Act, as amended, and shall include early and periodic screening and diagnosis services at least equal to those provided under the Medicaid program. The benefits and services offered and available to state employees under the State Employees Health Insurance Plan shall be used as the benchmark for benefits and services under the program, with an emphasis on preventive and primary care. Benefits and services to be provided under the program shall include: vision and hearing screening, eyeglasses and hearing aids, preventive dental care and routine dental fillings, anesthesia and associated facility charges for certain dental care procedures as required in Section 1 of House Bill No. 1067, 1999 Regular Session. No deductibles, coinsurance or any other cost-sharing shall be allowed for any of the benefits and services named in the preceding sentence.

SECTION 6. Section 43-13-117, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:

43-13-117. Medical assistance as authorized by this article shall include payment of part or all of the costs, at the discretion of the division or its successor, with approval of the Governor, of the following types of care and services rendered to eligible applicants who shall have been determined to be eligible for such care and services, within the limits of state appropriations and federal matching funds:

(1) Inpatient hospital services.

(a) The division shall allow thirty (30) days of inpatient hospital care annually for all Medicaid recipients; however, before any recipient will be allowed more than fifteen (15) days of inpatient hospital care in any one (1) year, he must obtain prior approval therefor from the division. The division shall be authorized to allow unlimited days in disproportionate hospitals as defined by the division for eligible infants under the age of six (6) years.

(b) From and after July 1, 1994, the Executive Director of the Division of Medicaid shall amend the Mississippi Title XIX Inpatient Hospital Reimbursement Plan to remove the occupancy rate penalty from the calculation of the Medicaid Capital Cost Component utilized to determine total hospital costs allocated to the Medicaid Program.

(2) Outpatient hospital services. Provided that where the same services are reimbursed as clinic services, the division may revise the rate or methodology of outpatient reimbursement to maintain consistency, efficiency, economy and quality of care.

(3) Laboratory and X-ray services.

(4) Nursing facility services.

(a) The division shall make full payment to nursing facilities for each day, not exceeding thirty-six (36) days per year, that a patient is absent from the facility on home leave. However, before payment may be made for more than eighteen (18) home leave days in a year for a patient, the patient must have written authorization from a physician stating that the patient is physically and mentally able to be away from the facility on home leave. Such authorization must be filed with the division before it will be effective and the authorization shall be effective for three (3) months from the date it is received by the division, unless it is revoked earlier by the physician because of a change in the condition of the patient.

(b) From and after July 1, 1993, the division shall implement the integrated case-mix payment and quality monitoring system developed pursuant to Section 43-13-122, which includes the fair rental system for property costs and in which recapture of depreciation is eliminated. The division may revise the reimbursement methodology for the case-mix payment system by reducing payment for hospital leave and therapeutic home leave days to the lowest case-mix category for nursing facilities, modifying the current method of scoring residents so that only services provided at the nursing facility are considered in calculating a facility's per diem, and the division may limit administrative and operating costs, but in no case shall these costs be less than one hundred nine percent (109%) of the median administrative and operating costs for each class of facility, not to exceed the median used to calculate the nursing facility reimbursement for Fiscal Year 1996, to be applied uniformly to all long-term care facilities. This paragraph (b) shall stand repealed on July 1, 1997.

(c) From and after July 1, 1997, all state-owned nursing facilities shall be reimbursed on a full reasonable costs basis. From and after July 1, 1997, payments by the division to nursing facilities for return on equity capital shall be made at the rate paid under Medicare (Title XVIII of the Social Security Act), but shall be no less than seven and one-half percent (7.5%) nor greater than ten percent (10%).

(d) A Review Board for nursing facilities is established to conduct reviews of the Division of Medicaid's decision in the areas set forth below:

(i) Review shall be heard in the following areas:

(A) Matters relating to cost reports including, but not limited to, allowable costs and cost adjustments resulting from desk reviews and audits.

(B) Matters relating to the Minimum Data Set Plus (MDS +) or successor assessment formats including, but not limited to, audits, classifications and submissions.

(ii) The Review Board shall be composed of six (6) members, three (3) having expertise in one (1) of the two (2) areas set forth above and three (3) having expertise in the other area set forth above. Each panel of three (3) shall only review appeals arising in its area of expertise. The members shall be appointed as follows:

(A) In each of the areas of expertise defined under subparagraphs (i)(A) and (i)(B), the Executive Director of the Division of Medicaid shall appoint one (1) person chosen from the private sector nursing home industry in the state, which may include independent accountants and consultants serving the industry;

(B) In each of the areas of expertise defined under subparagraphs (i)(A) and (i)(B), the Executive Director of the Division of Medicaid shall appoint one (1) person who is employed by the state who does not participate directly in desk reviews or audits of nursing facilities in the two (2) areas of review;

(C) The two (2) members appointed by the Executive Director of the Division of Medicaid in each area of expertise shall appoint a third member in the same area of expertise.

In the event of a conflict of interest on the part of any Review Board members, the Executive Director of the Division of Medicaid or the other two (2) panel members, as applicable, shall appoint a substitute member for conducting a specific review.

(iii) The Review Board panels shall have the power to preserve and enforce order during hearings; to issue subpoenas; to administer oaths; to compel attendance and testimony of witnesses; or to compel the production of books, papers, documents and other evidence; or the taking of depositions before any designated individual competent to administer oaths; to examine witnesses; and to do all things conformable to law that may be necessary to enable it effectively to discharge its duties. The Review Board panels may appoint such person or persons as they shall deem proper to execute and return process in connection therewith.

(iv) The Review Board shall promulgate, publish and disseminate to nursing facility providers rules of procedure for the efficient conduct of proceedings, subject to the approval of the Executive Director of the Division of Medicaid and in accordance with federal and state administrative hearing laws and regulations.

(v) Proceedings of the Review Board shall be of record.

(vi) Appeals to the Review Board shall be in writing and shall set out the issues, a statement of alleged facts and reasons supporting the provider's position. Relevant documents may also be attached. The appeal shall be filed within thirty (30) days from the date the provider is notified of the action being appealed or, if informal review procedures are taken, as provided by administrative regulations of the Division of Medicaid, within thirty (30) days after a decision has been rendered through informal hearing procedures.

(vii) The provider shall be notified of the hearing date by certified mail within thirty (30) days from the date the Division of Medicaid receives the request for appeal. Notification of the hearing date shall in no event be less than thirty (30) days before the scheduled hearing date. The appeal may be heard on shorter notice by written agreement between the provider and the Division of Medicaid.

(viii) Within thirty (30) days from the date of the hearing, the Review Board panel shall render a written recommendation to the Executive Director of the Division of Medicaid setting forth the issues, findings of fact and applicable law, regulations or provisions.

(ix) The Executive Director of the Division of Medicaid shall, upon review of the recommendation, the proceedings and the record, prepare a written decision which shall be mailed to the nursing facility provider no later than twenty (20) days after the submission of the recommendation by the panel. The decision of the executive director is final, subject only to judicial review.

(x) Appeals from a final decision shall be made to the Chancery Court of Hinds County. The appeal shall be filed with the court within thirty (30) days from the date the decision of the Executive Director of the Division of Medicaid becomes final.

(xi) The action of the Division of Medicaid under review shall be stayed until all administrative proceedings have been exhausted.

(xii) Appeals by nursing facility providers involving any issues other than those two (2) specified in subparagraphs (i)(A) and (ii)(B) shall be taken in accordance with the administrative hearing procedures established by the Division of Medicaid.

(e) When a facility of a category that does not require a certificate of need for construction and that could not be eligible for Medicaid reimbursement is constructed to nursing facility specifications for licensure and certification, and the facility is subsequently converted to a nursing facility pursuant to a certificate of need that authorizes conversion only and the applicant for the certificate of need was assessed an application review fee based on capital expenditures incurred in constructing the facility, the division shall allow reimbursement for capital expenditures necessary for construction of the facility that were incurred within the twenty-four (24) consecutive calendar months immediately preceding the date that the certificate of need authorizing such conversion was issued, to the same extent that reimbursement would be allowed for construction of a new nursing facility pursuant to a certificate of need that authorizes such construction. The reimbursement authorized in this subparagraph (e) may be made only to facilities the construction of which was completed after June 30, 1989. Before the division shall be authorized to make the reimbursement authorized in this subparagraph (e), the division first must have received approval from the Health Care Financing Administration of the United States Department of Health and Human Services of the change in the state Medicaid plan providing for such reimbursement.

(5) Periodic screening and diagnostic services for individuals under age twenty-one (21) years as are needed to identify physical and mental defects and to provide health care treatment and other measures designed to correct or ameliorate defects and physical and mental illness and conditions discovered by the screening services regardless of whether these services are included in the state plan. The division may include in its periodic screening and diagnostic program those discretionary services authorized under the federal regulations adopted to implement Title XIX of the federal Social Security Act, as amended. The division, in obtaining physical therapy services, occupational therapy services, and services for individuals with speech, hearing and language disorders, may enter into a cooperative agreement with the State Department of Education for the provision of such services to handicapped students by public school districts using state funds which are provided from the appropriation to the Department of Education to obtain federal matching funds through the division. The division, in obtaining medical and psychological evaluations for children in the custody of the State Department of Human Services may enter into a cooperative agreement with the State Department of Human Services for the provision of such services using state funds which are provided from the appropriation to the Department of Human Services to obtain federal matching funds through the division.

On July 1, 1993, all fees for periodic screening and diagnostic services under this paragraph (5) shall be increased by twenty-five percent (25%) of the reimbursement rate in effect on June 30, 1993.

(6) Physicians' services. On January 1, 1996, all fees for physicians' services shall be reimbursed at seventy percent (70%) of the rate established on January 1, 1994, under Medicare (Title XVIII of the Social Security Act), as amended, and the division may adjust the physicians' reimbursement schedule to reflect the differences in relative value between Medicaid and Medicare.

(7) (a) Home health services for eligible persons, not to exceed in cost the prevailing cost of nursing facility services, not to exceed sixty (60) visits per year.

(b) The division may revise reimbursement for home health services in order to establish equity between reimbursement for home health services and reimbursement for institutional services within the Medicaid program. This paragraph (b) shall stand repealed on July 1, 1997.

(8) Emergency medical transportation services. On January 1, 1994, emergency medical transportation services shall be reimbursed at seventy percent (70%) of the rate established under Medicare (Title XVIII of the Social Security Act), as amended. "Emergency medical transportation services" shall mean, but shall not be limited to, the following services by a properly permitted ambulance operated by a properly licensed provider in accordance with the Emergency Medical Services Act of 1974 (Section 41-59-1 et seq.): (i) basic life support, (ii) advanced life support, (iii) mileage, (iv) oxygen, (v) intravenous fluids, (vi) disposable supplies, (vii) similar services.

(9) Legend and other drugs as may be determined by the division. The division may implement a program of prior approval for drugs to the extent permitted by law. Payment by the division for covered multiple source drugs shall be limited to the lower of the upper limits established and published by the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) plus a dispensing fee of Four Dollars and Ninety-one Cents ($4.91), or the estimated acquisition cost (EAC) as determined by the division plus a dispensing fee of Four Dollars and Ninety-one Cents ($4.91), or the providers' usual and customary charge to the general public. The division shall allow five (5) prescriptions per month for noninstitutionalized Medicaid recipients.

Payment for other covered drugs, other than multiple source drugs with HCFA upper limits, shall not exceed the lower of the estimated acquisition cost as determined by the division plus a dispensing fee of Four Dollars and Ninety-one Cents ($4.91) or the providers' usual and customary charge to the general public.

Payment for nonlegend or over-the-counter drugs covered on the division's formulary shall be reimbursed at the lower of the division's estimated shelf price or the providers' usual and customary charge to the general public. No dispensing fee shall be paid.

The division shall develop and implement a program of payment for additional pharmacist services, with payment to be based on demonstrated savings, but in no case shall the total payment exceed twice the amount of the dispensing fee.

As used in this paragraph (9), "estimated acquisition cost" means the division's best estimate of what price providers generally are paying for a drug in the package size that providers buy most frequently. Product selection shall be made in compliance with existing state law; however, the division may reimburse as if the prescription had been filled under the generic name. The division may provide otherwise in the case of specified drugs when the consensus of competent medical advice is that trademarked drugs are substantially more effective.

(10) Dental care that is an adjunct to treatment of an acute medical or surgical condition; services of oral surgeons and dentists in connection with surgery related to the jaw or any structure contiguous to the jaw or the reduction of any fracture of the jaw or any facial bone; and emergency dental extractions and treatment related thereto. On January 1, 1994, all fees for dental care and surgery under authority of this paragraph (10) shall be increased by twenty percent (20%) of the reimbursement rate as provided in the Dental Services Provider Manual in effect on December 31, 1993.

(11) Eyeglasses necessitated by reason of eye surgery, and as prescribed by a physician skilled in diseases of the eye or an optometrist, whichever the patient may select.

(12) Intermediate care facility services.

(a) The division shall make full payment to all intermediate care facilities for the mentally retarded for each day, not exceeding thirty-six (36) days per year, that a patient is absent from the facility on home leave. However, before payment may be made for more than eighteen (18) home leave days in a year for a patient, the patient must have written authorization from a physician stating that the patient is physically and mentally able to be away from the facility on home leave. Such authorization must be filed with the division before it will be effective, and the authorization shall be effective for three (3) months from the date it is received by the division, unless it is revoked earlier by the physician because of a change in the condition of the patient.

(b) All state-owned intermediate care facilities for the mentally retarded shall be reimbursed on a full reasonable cost basis.

(13) Family planning services, including drugs, supplies and devices, when such services are under the supervision of a physician.

(14) Clinic services. Such diagnostic, preventive, therapeutic, rehabilitative or palliative services furnished to an outpatient by or under the supervision of a physician or dentist in a facility which is not a part of a hospital but which is organized and operated to provide medical care to outpatients. Clinic services shall include any services reimbursed as outpatient hospital services which may be rendered in such a facility, including those that become so after July 1, 1991. On January 1, 1994, all fees for physicians' services reimbursed under authority of this paragraph (14) shall be reimbursed at seventy percent (70%) of the rate established on January 1, 1993, under Medicare (Title XVIII of the Social Security Act), as amended, or the amount that would have been paid under the division's fee schedule that was in effect on December 31, 1993, whichever is greater, and the division may adjust the physicians' reimbursement schedule to reflect the differences in relative value between Medicaid and Medicare. However, on January 1, 1994, the division may increase any fee for physicians' services in the division's fee schedule on December 31, 1993, that was greater than seventy percent (70%) of the rate established under Medicare by no more than ten percent (10%). On January 1, 1994, all fees for dentists' services reimbursed under authority of this paragraph (14) shall be increased by twenty percent (20%) of the reimbursement rate as provided in the Dental Services Provider Manual in effect on December 31, 1993.

(15) Home- and community-based services, as provided under Title XIX of the federal Social Security Act, as amended, under waivers, subject to the availability of funds specifically appropriated therefor by the Legislature. Payment for such services shall be limited to individuals who would be eligible for and would otherwise require the level of care provided in a nursing facility. The division shall certify case management agencies to provide case management services and provide for home- and community-based services for eligible individuals under this paragraph. The home- and community-based services under this paragraph and the activities performed by certified case management agencies under this paragraph shall be funded using state funds that are provided from the appropriation to the Division of Medicaid and used to match federal funds under a cooperative agreement between the division and the Department of Human Services.

(16) Mental health services. Approved therapeutic and case management services provided by (a) an approved regional mental health/retardation center established under Sections 41-19-31 through 41-19-39, or by another community mental health service provider meeting the requirements of the Department of Mental Health to be an approved mental health/retardation center if determined necessary by the Department of Mental Health, using state funds which are provided from the appropriation to the State Department of Mental Health and used to match federal funds under a cooperative agreement between the division and the department, or (b) a facility which is certified by the State Department of Mental Health to provide therapeutic and case management services, to be reimbursed on a fee for service basis. Any such services provided by a facility described in paragraph (b) must have the prior approval of the division to be reimbursable under this section. After June 30, 1997, mental health services provided by regional mental health/retardation centers established under Sections 41-19-31 through 41-19-39, or by hospitals as defined in Section 41-9-3(a) and/or their subsidiaries and divisions, or by psychiatric residential treatment facilities as defined in Section 43-11-1, or by another community mental health service provider meeting the requirements of the Department of Mental Health to be an approved mental health/retardation center if determined necessary by the Department of Mental Health, shall not be included in or provided under any capitated managed care pilot program provided for under paragraph (24) of this section.

(17) Durable medical equipment services and medical supplies restricted to patients receiving home health services unless waived on an individual basis by the division. The division shall not expend more than Three Hundred Thousand Dollars ($300,000.00) of state funds annually to pay for medical supplies authorized under this paragraph.

(18) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section to the contrary, the division shall make additional reimbursement to hospitals which serve a disproportionate share of low-income patients and which meet the federal requirements for such payments as provided in Section 1923 of the federal Social Security Act and any applicable regulations.

(19) (a) Perinatal risk management services. The division shall promulgate regulations to be effective from and after October 1, 1988, to establish a comprehensive perinatal system for risk assessment of all pregnant and infant Medicaid recipients and for management, education and follow-up for those who are determined to be at risk. Services to be performed include case management, nutrition assessment/counseling, psychosocial assessment/counseling and health education. The division shall set reimbursement rates for providers in conjunction with the State Department of Health.

(b) Early intervention system services. The division shall cooperate with the State Department of Health, acting as lead agency, in the development and implementation of a statewide system of delivery of early intervention services, pursuant to Part H of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The State Department of Health shall certify annually in writing to the director of the division the dollar amount of state early intervention funds available which shall be utilized as a certified match for Medicaid matching funds. Those funds then shall be used to provide expanded targeted case management services for Medicaid eligible children with special needs who are eligible for the state's early intervention system. Qualifications for persons providing service coordination shall be determined by the State Department of Health and the Division of Medicaid.

(20) Home- and community-based services for physically disabled approved services as allowed by a waiver from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services for home- and community-based services for physically disabled people using state funds which are provided from the appropriation to the State Department of Rehabilitation Services and used to match federal funds under a cooperative agreement between the division and the department, provided that funds for these services are specifically appropriated to the Department of Rehabilitation Services.

(21) Nurse practitioner services. Services furnished by a registered nurse who is licensed and certified by the Mississippi Board of Nursing as a nurse practitioner including, but not limited to, nurse anesthetists, nurse midwives, family nurse practitioners, family planning nurse practitioners, pediatric nurse practitioners, obstetrics-gynecology nurse practitioners and neonatal nurse practitioners, under regulations adopted by the division. Reimbursement for such services shall not exceed ninety percent (90%) of the reimbursement rate for comparable services rendered by a physician.

(22) Ambulatory services delivered in federally qualified health centers and in clinics of the local health departments of the State Department of Health for individuals eligible for medical assistance under this article based on reasonable costs as determined by the division.

(23) Inpatient psychiatric services. Inpatient psychiatric services to be determined by the division for recipients under age twenty-one (21) which are provided under the direction of a physician in an inpatient program in a licensed acute care psychiatric facility or in a licensed psychiatric residential treatment facility, before the recipient reaches age twenty-one (21) or, if the recipient was receiving the services immediately before he reached age twenty-one (21), before the earlier of the date he no longer requires the services or the date he reaches age twenty-two (22), as provided by federal regulations. Recipients shall be allowed forty-five (45) days per year of psychiatric services provided in acute care psychiatric facilities, and shall be allowed unlimited days of psychiatric services provided in licensed psychiatric residential treatment facilities.

(24) Managed care services in a program to be developed by the division by a public or private provider. Notwithstanding any other provision in this article to the contrary, the division shall establish rates of reimbursement to providers rendering care and services authorized under this section, and may revise such rates of reimbursement without amendment to this section by the Legislature for the purpose of achieving effective and accessible health services, and for responsible containment of costs. This shall include, but not be limited to, one (1) module of capitated managed care in a rural area, and one (1) module of capitated managed care in an urban area.

(25) Birthing center services.

(26) Hospice care. As used in this paragraph, the term "hospice care" means a coordinated program of active professional medical attention within the home and outpatient and inpatient care which treats the terminally ill patient and family as a unit, employing a medically directed interdisciplinary team. The program provides relief of severe pain or other physical symptoms and supportive care to meet the special needs arising out of physical, psychological, spiritual, social and economic stresses which are experienced during the final stages of illness and during dying and bereavement and meets the Medicare requirements for participation as a hospice as provided in 42 CFR Part 418.

(27) Group health plan premiums and cost sharing if it is cost effective as defined by the Secretary of Health and Human Services.

(28) Other health insurance premiums which are cost effective as defined by the Secretary of Health and Human Services. Medicare eligible must have Medicare Part B before other insurance premiums can be paid.

(29) The Division of Medicaid may apply for a waiver from the Department of Health and Human Services for home- and community-based services for developmentally disabled people using state funds which are provided from the appropriation to the State Department of Mental Health and used to match federal funds under a cooperative agreement between the division and the department, provided that funds for these services are specifically appropriated to the Department of Mental Health.

(30) Pediatric skilled nursing services for eligible persons under twenty-one (21) years of age.

(31) Targeted case management services for children with special needs, under waivers from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, using state funds that are provided from the appropriation to the Mississippi Department of Human Services and used to match federal funds under a cooperative agreement between the division and the department.

(32) Care and services provided in Christian Science Sanatoria operated by or listed and certified by The First Church of Christ Scientist, Boston, Massachusetts, rendered in connection with treatment by prayer or spiritual means to the extent that such services are subject to reimbursement under Section 1903 of the Social Security Act.

(33) Podiatrist services.

(34) Personal care services provided in a pilot program to not more than forty (40) residents at a location or locations to be determined by the division and delivered by individuals qualified to provide such services, as allowed by waivers under Title XIX of the Social Security Act, as amended. The division shall not expend more than Three Hundred Thousand Dollars ($300,000.00) annually to provide such personal care services. The division shall develop recommendations for the effective regulation of any facilities that would provide personal care services which may become eligible for Medicaid reimbursement under this section, and shall present such recommendations with any proposed legislation to the 1996 Regular Session of the Legislature on or before January 1, 1996.

(35) Services and activities authorized in Sections 43-27-101 and 43-27-103, using state funds that are provided from the appropriation to the State Department of Human Services and used to match federal funds under a cooperative agreement between the division and the department.

(36) Nonemergency transportation services for Medicaid-eligible persons, to be provided by the Department of Human Services. The division may contract with additional entities to administer nonemergency transportation services as it deems necessary. All providers shall have a valid driver's license, vehicle inspection sticker and a standard liability insurance policy covering the vehicle.

(37) Targeted case management services for individuals with chronic diseases, with expanded eligibility to cover services to uninsured recipients, on a pilot program basis. This paragraph (37) shall be contingent upon continued receipt of special funds from the Health Care Financing Authority and private foundations who have granted funds for planning these services. No funding for these services shall be provided from State General Funds.

(38) Chiropractic services: a chiropractor's manual manipulation of the spine to correct a subluxation, if x-ray demonstrates that a subluxation exists and if the subluxation has resulted in a neuromusculoskeletal condition for which manipulation is appropriate treatment. Reimbursement for chiropractic services shall not exceed Seven Hundred Dollars ($700.00) per year per recipient.

(39) Anesthesia services and associated facility charges for certain dental care procedures as required in Section 1 of House Bill No. 1067, 1999 Regular Session.

Notwithstanding any provision of this article, except as authorized in the following paragraph and in Section 43-13-139, neither (a) the limitations on quantity or frequency of use of or the fees or charges for any of the care or services available to recipients under this section, nor (b) the payments or rates of reimbursement to providers rendering care or services authorized under this section to recipients, may be increased, decreased or otherwise changed from the levels in effect on July 1, 1986, unless such is authorized by an amendment to this section by the Legislature. However, the restriction in this paragraph shall not prevent the division from changing the payments or rates of reimbursement to providers without an amendment to this section whenever such changes are required by federal law or regulation, or whenever such changes are necessary to correct administrative errors or omissions in calculating such payments or rates of reimbursement.

Notwithstanding any provision of this article, no new groups or categories of recipients and new types of care and services may be added without enabling legislation from the Mississippi Legislature, except that the division may authorize such changes without enabling legislation when such addition of recipients or services is ordered by a court of proper authority. The director shall keep the Governor advised on a timely basis of the funds available for expenditure and the projected expenditures. In the event current or projected expenditures can be reasonably anticipated to exceed the amounts appropriated for any fiscal year, the Governor, after consultation with the director, shall discontinue any or all of the payment of the types of care and services as provided herein which are deemed to be optional services under Title XIX of the federal Social Security Act, as amended, for any period necessary to not exceed appropriated funds, and when necessary shall institute any other cost containment measures on any program or programs authorized under the article to the extent allowed under the federal law governing such program or programs, it being the intent of the Legislature that expenditures during any fiscal year shall not exceed the amounts appropriated for such fiscal year.

SECTION 7. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after July 1, 1999.

Further, amend by striking the title in its entirety and inserting in lieu thereof the following:

AN ACT TO REQUIRE THAT CERTAIN INSURANCE POLICIES AND PLANS PROVIDE MEDICAL BENEFITS WHEN DENTAL CARE IS PROVIDED UNDER PHYSICIAN-SUPERVISED GENERAL ANESTHESIA; TO AMEND SECTION 83-41-211, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO REQUIRE MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING SERVICES PROVIDED BY A DULY LICENSED PROFESSIONAL COUNSELOR TO BE INCLUDED COVERAGE UNDER THE STATE EMPLOYEES HEALTH INSURANCE PLAN AND THE PUBLIC SCHOOL EMPLOYEES HEALTH INSURANCE PLAN; TO INCREASE THE AUTHORIZED FACE VALUE OF LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES UNDER THE STATE EMPLOYEES HEALTH INSURANCE PLAN; TO AMEND SECTIONS 25-15-9, 25-15-255, 41-86-17 AND 43-13-117, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, IN CONFORMITY THERETO; AND FOR RELATED PURPOSES.